Cyber security · Interactive model
The Avalanche Machine
Good cryptography has a magic property: change the input by a single character — even a single bit — and roughly half the output flips, with no pattern connecting the two. It's called the avalanche effect, and it's why you can't nudge your way to cracking a hash. Type below, then change one letter and watch. Flip to Caesar mode to see what weak looks like.
Change one character (e.g. dawn → dusk) and watch the grid. The gold-ringed cells are the bits that just flipped.