Free interactive learning tool

The Process Behaviour Chart

Every month your organisation reads a number next to last month's number and writes a story about the difference. Two numbers are never identical, so the story gets written every single month — whether or not anything happened. Here is the one chart that tells you which months deserved a story.

Guess first — you are in the meeting, this is the pack

First-response time on new claims just went from 6.3 to 8.0 hours. That is a 27% jump, the worst month in over a year. The room wants to know what went wrong. Before you scroll: is this a real change, or is it nothing?

Mean first response, hours — as the monthly pack shows it
MonthHoursvs. prior
The chart — same numbers, with the limits drawn
Show the numbers as a table
The plotted series
Period Value Moving range Verdict
What the chart says
Draw the limits
Right now this is a run chart — a line with no reference points. Every wiggle looks like it might mean something, which is exactly the problem.

The arithmetic

Points
Centre line (mean)
Average moving range
Upper limit
Lower limit

limits = mean ± 2.66 × mR̄
mR̄ = mean of |each point − the one before|

Where this bites — the same habit, wearing different clothes
The monthly pack

A story for every month

Any report that shows this month beside last month manufactures a narrative on a fixed schedule, because two numbers never match. The commentary column is the problem — it has to be filled in whether or not anything happened.

Operations

Tampering

Adjusting a stable process in response to noise makes it worse, not neutral — you add your corrections on top of the variation that was already there. The shower with the slow water heater: turn, wait, scald, overcorrect, freeze.

People

Ranking the ordinary

League tables of teams or regions on a stable process rank them on noise. Someone is bottom every quarter and someone is top, reliably, with nothing to explain — and the performance conversation that follows is about a coin landing.

Improvement

Claiming a win

Intervene after an unusually bad month and the next month is usually better — regression to the mean, not your initiative. Without limits you cannot tell which changes worked, so the ones that didn't get rolled out everywhere.

A point inside the limits is the process being itself. Reacting to it adds variation rather than removing it — and it costs you the meeting, the review, and often someone's week. A point outside is worth your whole attention, because something genuinely changed. Learn to draw this by hand from any twelve numbers, and ask the question that ends most monthly commentary: "is that outside the limits?"